Ruban, Kratkaia letopis Malyia Rossii, 1777 (π1r)

This title page spells out the book's contents in detail: "A Short Chronicle of Little Russia from 1506 to 1776, with the appearance of the present image of the local government, and with the appendix of the list of the Hetmans, the General Elders, Colonels and hierarchs; such that descriptions include indications of cities, rivers, monasteries, churches, the number of people, news about the Post [as in mail] and other necessary information."

Ruban, Kratkaia letopis Malyia Rossii, 1777 (Д2)

This page shows the distances between one postal town and another, broken into sections and totaled at the bottom of each table: from Galukhov to Pereiaslavl is a total of 255 versts. The rules are used here as vertical lines to help keep the columns of information discrete.

Soldini, Anima brutorum, 1776 (a8r; Getty)

The opening of each chapter in this book features intaglio initial letters, the colors of which vary from copy to copy. In this copy from the Getty, a blue ink is used, but in the Smithsonian's copy, the initial letter is printed in sienna. (The plates facing this page also differ in the two copies; search "Soldini" to compare.)

Soldini, Anima brutorum, 1776 (a8r; Smithsonian)

The opening of each chapter in this book features intaglio initial letters, the colors of which vary from copy to copy. In this copy from the Smithsonian, an ochre ink is used, but in the Getty's copy, the initial letter is printed in blue.

Soldini, Anima brutorum, 1776 (pl. facing a8r; Getty)

Because plates are printed in a separate process from letterpress text, and because the images in Soldini's work are not closely related to the text, different copies of the book have the plates inserted and bound in different locations. In this copy from the Smithsonian, this is the illustration facing the first chapter, but compare this to the Getty's copy of the book.

Soldini, Anima brutorum, 1776 (pl. facing a8r; Smithsonian)

Because plates are printed in a separate process from letterpress text, and because the images in Soldini's work are not closely related to the text, different copies of the book have the plates inserted and bound in different locations. In this copy from the Smithsonian, this is the illustration facing the first chapter, but compare this to the Getty's copy of the book.

Thomson, Discourse, 1750 (A1r)

The title page to this pamphlet emphasizes not only the title of the work but that it was delivered to the Academy of Physicians, signalling its authority to potential buyers.

Thomson, Discourse, 1750 (C4r)

The authorizing citations have moved from being printed in the outer margins on the side of the page to the bottom of the page, a practice we would describe as footnotes.