main printed feature: printer's ornament

Printers used a variety of ornaments to decorate and as an integral part of setting pages. Headpieces and tailpieces could be made of wood or metal relief cuts that could be swapped in and out of different books, or they could be composed of small pieces of decorative type known as fleurons or flowers. Those fleurons could be used as single pieces of type or combined to form borders of varying sizes and combined into different patterns.

Alciati, Emblemata, 1589 (Z5r)

Here we again see the emblem for Alciati's "In astrologos" again with Alciati's Latin text and an illustration of Icarus falling from the heavens. This edition also supplies lengthy commentary from Claude Mignault, also reproduced here.

Alciati, Emblemata, 1589 (Z6v)

The tailpiece here, as it often does, serves both to mark the end of a section of text (the end of an emblem, in this case) and to provide some support for the platen when the sheet is pressed.

Beaumont and Fletcher, Philaster, 1661 (A2v)

An advertisement for the publisher's books takes advantage of what would otherwise be blank space on the page.

Behn, Widdow Ranter, 1690 (A1r)

In a style more typical of the late 17th century than earlier playbooks, this title page provides only a relatively short title and the barest of acting company and authorial information along with the imprint.

Bible, Church Slavic, 1581 (fol. 1r)

The opening of Genesis is marked off with an elaborate woodcut headpiece, clearly separating the text of the Bible from the prefatory materials.

Bible, Church Slavic, 1581 (fol. 78v)

The colophon identifies Ivan Fedorov of Moscow as the printer (his device appears just above the colophon) and that it was completed in 1581 on August 12 in Ostroh. Like the text above it, the colophon is in parallel columns of Greek and Church Slavic.

Bible, English, 1611 (A1r)

The King James Bible uses a complex typography to signal which words or phrases are not from the source material but have been added in translation (those in roman type), printed notes in roman type for cross referencing between different books, printed notes in italic for translation notes, and headnotes for each chapter providing summaries to help with quick navigation.

Bible, Massachuset, 1663 (A1r)

Though not credited, several Indigenous people were involved in the translation and production of the book, including James Printer, the first Indigenous American to work in a print shop. Eliot believed the Masschusett people would be more receptive to conversion if it was presented in their own language. In this way, the Eliot Bible was a physical tool of colonialism: a way to overcome the language barrier so that Indigenous people could receive the colonizer’s values, but not vice versa. On this page, one of the fleurons in the lower right section of the headpiece is upside-down, perhaps an error made in haste.

Black Bird, 1790 (p8)

A line of printer's flowers is used to separate the end of one ballad from the start of the next in this 8-page chapbook; because this is the last page, the phrase finis is placed at the end.

Cato, Moral distichs, 1735 (A1r)

Although it's placed where one might expect a printer's device, the design on this title page is a combination of printer's flowers, rather than a device intended to identify the printer.