format: quarto

When one sheet has been folded into 4 leaves; may be written as 4ยบ or 4to

Thomson, Discourse, 1750 (C4r)

The authorizing citations have moved from being printed in the outer margins on the side of the page to the bottom of the page, a practice we would describe as footnotes.

Webster, White Devil, 1631 (F3r)

The blank space at the top of the page, interrupting the headline and the middle of the first seven lines of text, was probably caused by a scrap of paper accidentally getting between the inked type and the blank paper.

Whitney, Choice of emblemes, 1586 (3*2v)

This errata list, squeezed in small font at the bottom of the page, warns that while most of the mistakes were corrected during printing, there are still many leaves that have the errors.

Whitney, Choice of emblemes, 1586 (D2v)

Whitney's book of emblems brought the popular European tradition to English readers. The mise-en-page follows the pattern of many of the early editions of Alciati's Emblemata, expanding the original design of emblem, title, and a brief epigraph to include commentary and references.